Lymphoedema
Lymphoedema occurs when the lymphatic system is unable to properly drain lymph fluid, leading to swelling, usually in the arms or legs. It can be caused by injury, surgery, infection, or be present from birth.
Lymphoedema is progressive and has four stages:
1. Subclinical: No swelling present but feelings of fullness, heaviness with or without pain.
2. Stage one: Swelling is visible but reduces with elevation and or overnight.
3. Stage two: Swelling is present all of the time and tissue becomes firmer. Cuffs and creases develop.
4. Final stage: Fluid is thick and firm, pitting is no longer present, skin hardens, cuffing and skin folds deepen. The shape of the limb is irregular.
Treatment for Lymphoedema typically includes:
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A specialised form of massage that encourages lymph fluid flow to help reduce swelling. It is often performed by a trained therapist.
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The use of compression garments, bandages and specialised devices helps reduce swelling by applying pressure to affected areas, preventing fluid buildup and softening fibrotic tissue.
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Gentle physical activity, especially exercises designed to stimulate lymph flow, can be beneficial in reducing swelling and improving lymphatic drainage.
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Proper skincare is crucial in managing lymphoedema to prevent infections, as the affected skin is more prone to injury and infection.
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Photobiomodulation - Light therapy reduces local inflammation, eases pain and reduces swelling, bruising and scar tissue.
Fluid tracking - SOZO bio impedance spectroscopy. A non-invasive measure of total body water and body composition.
Lymphatic mapping recommendation - Lymphography & lymphoscintigraphy; performed by specialists who map the lymphatic system and identify back flow, reflux, and fluid stagnation.
Psychological support - Lymphodema can be distressing as it often affects a persons appearance and functional capabilities. Counselling or support groups can be beneficial for positive emotional and mental health.
Surgical intervention - In some cases, surgical options like lymphatic bypass surgery or lymph node transfer may be considered.
